{"id":409,"date":"2026-06-30T10:52:39","date_gmt":"2026-06-30T10:52:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.journals.utgjiu.ro\/JES\/?post_type=articol&#038;p=409"},"modified":"2026-06-30T10:52:39","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T10:52:39","slug":"digital-twin-technology-conceptual-foundations-applications-and-implementation-challenges","status":"publish","type":"articol","link":"https:\/\/www.journals.utgjiu.ro\/JES\/articol\/digital-twin-technology-conceptual-foundations-applications-and-implementation-challenges\/","title":{"rendered":"DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY: CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS, APPLICATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Over the past ten years, Digital Twin (DT) technology has developed from a specialised academic idea to a<br \/>\nwidely utilised operational tool across a wide range of sectors. Since its initial introduction in 2003, the idea has<br \/>\ngarnered increasing attention from academics and business due to developments in cloud computing, artificial<br \/>\nintelligence, and the Internet of Things. The purpose of the study is to review the literature in order to present an<br \/>\norganised picture of the state of technology today. Conceptual fundamentals and typologies are analyzed, including the<br \/>\nwidely cited distinction between Digital Model, Digital Shadow, and Digital Twin. Moreover, the main supporting<br \/>\ntechnologies (IoT, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, extended reality), five major application areas<br \/>\n(manufacturing, healthcare, construction, agriculture, services and product-service systems) and the key<br \/>\nimplementation challenges, are also examined. The analysis highlights that the success of DT adoption does not depend<br \/>\nexclusively on solving technical difficulties, but equally on the organizational and human capacities of the companies<br \/>\nimplementing it. The paper highlights that non-technical implementation challenges are consistently underestimated in<br \/>\nthe specialised literature and simultaneously integrates the technical and organisational perspectives, covering five<br \/>\napplication areas through a unified analytical framework in contrast to previous syntheses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"class_list":["post-409","articol","type-articol","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.journals.utgjiu.ro\/JES\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articol\/409","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.journals.utgjiu.ro\/JES\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articol"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.journals.utgjiu.ro\/JES\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/articol"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.journals.utgjiu.ro\/JES\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}